Integral von $$$\frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}}$$$

Bestimme $$$\int \frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}}\, dx$$$.

Sei $$$u=x^{2} - 1$$$.

Dann $$$du=\left(x^{2} - 1\right)^{\prime }dx = 2 x dx$$$ (die Schritte sind » zu sehen), und es gilt $$$x dx = \frac{du}{2}$$$.

Das Integral wird zu

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\frac{2}{\sqrt{u}} d u}}}$$

Wende die Konstantenfaktorregel $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ mit $$$c=2$$$ und $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{u}}$$$ an:

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{2}{\sqrt{u}} d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(2 \int{\frac{1}{\sqrt{u}} d u}\right)}}$$

Wenden Sie die Potenzregel $$$\int u^{n}\, du = \frac{u^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$ mit $$$n=- \frac{1}{2}$$$ an:

$$2 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{\sqrt{u}} d u}}}=2 {\color{red}{\int{u^{- \frac{1}{2}} d u}}}=2 {\color{red}{\frac{u^{- \frac{1}{2} + 1}}{- \frac{1}{2} + 1}}}=2 {\color{red}{\left(2 u^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)}}=2 {\color{red}{\left(2 \sqrt{u}\right)}}$$

Zur Erinnerung: $$$u=x^{2} - 1$$$:

$$4 \sqrt{{\color{red}{u}}} = 4 \sqrt{{\color{red}{\left(x^{2} - 1\right)}}}$$

Daher,

$$\int{\frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}} d x} = 4 \sqrt{x^{2} - 1}$$

Fügen Sie die Integrationskonstante hinzu:

$$\int{\frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}} d x} = 4 \sqrt{x^{2} - 1}+C$$

$$$\int \frac{4 x}{\sqrt{x^{2} - 1}}\, dx = 4 \sqrt{x^{2} - 1} + C$$$A