Integraal van $$$-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}$$$

Bepaal $$$\int \left(-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}\right)\, dx$$$.

Integreer termgewijs:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- \int{1 d x} + \int{\frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}} d x}\right)}}$$

Pas de constantenregel $$$\int c\, dx = c x$$$ toe met $$$c=1$$$:

$$\int{\frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}} d x} - {\color{red}{\int{1 d x}}} = \int{\frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}} d x} - {\color{red}{x}}$$

Zij $$$u=- x + e^{x}$$$.

Dan $$$du=\left(- x + e^{x}\right)^{\prime }dx = \left(e^{x} - 1\right) dx$$$ (de stappen zijn te zien »), en dan geldt dat $$$\left(e^{x} - 1\right) dx = du$$$.

De integraal kan worden herschreven als

$$- x + {\color{red}{\int{\frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}} d x}}} = - x + {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u} d u}}}$$

De integraal van $$$\frac{1}{u}$$$ is $$$\int{\frac{1}{u} d u} = \ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}$$$:

$$- x + {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u} d u}}} = - x + {\color{red}{\ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}}}$$

We herinneren eraan dat $$$u=- x + e^{x}$$$:

$$- x + \ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{u}}}\right| \right)} = - x + \ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{\left(- x + e^{x}\right)}}}\right| \right)}$$

Dus,

$$\int{\left(-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}\right)d x} = - x + \ln{\left(\left|{x - e^{x}}\right| \right)}$$

Voeg de integratieconstante toe:

$$\int{\left(-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}\right)d x} = - x + \ln{\left(\left|{x - e^{x}}\right| \right)}+C$$

$$$\int \left(-1 + \frac{e^{x} - 1}{- x + e^{x}}\right)\, dx = \left(- x + \ln\left(\left|{x - e^{x}}\right|\right)\right) + C$$$A