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Principal unit normal vector for $$$\mathbf{\vec{r}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle \cos{\left(t \right)}, \sqrt{3} t, \sin{\left(t \right)}\right\rangle$$$

The calculator will find the principal unit normal vector to $$$\mathbf{\vec{r}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle \cos{\left(t \right)}, \sqrt{3} t, \sin{\left(t \right)}\right\rangle$$$, with steps shown.

Related calculators: Unit Tangent Vector Calculator, Unit Binormal Vector Calculator

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Find the principal unit normal vector for $$$\mathbf{\vec{r}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle \cos{\left(t \right)}, \sqrt{3} t, \sin{\left(t \right)}\right\rangle$$$.

Solution

To find the principal unit normal vector, we need to find the derivative of the unit tangent vector $$$\mathbf{\vec{T}\left(t\right)}$$$ and then normalize it (find the unit vector).

Find the unit tangent vector: $$$\mathbf{\vec{T}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle - \frac{\sin{\left(t \right)}}{2}, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{\cos{\left(t \right)}}{2}\right\rangle$$$ (for steps, see unit tangent vector calculator).

$$$\mathbf{\vec{T}^{\prime}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle - \frac{\cos{\left(t \right)}}{2}, 0, - \frac{\sin{\left(t \right)}}{2}\right\rangle$$$ (for steps, see derivative calculator).

Find the unit vector: $$$\mathbf{\vec{N}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle - \cos{\left(t \right)}, 0, - \sin{\left(t \right)}\right\rangle$$$ (for steps, see unit vector calculator).

Answer

The principal unit normal vector is $$$\mathbf{\vec{N}\left(t\right)} = \left\langle - \cos{\left(t \right)}, 0, - \sin{\left(t \right)}\right\rangle$$$A.