$$$\ln\left(x\right) \sin{\left(9 x \right)}$$$ 的導數

設 $$$H{\left(x \right)} = \ln\left(x\right) \sin{\left(9 x \right)}$$$。

對等式兩邊取對數：$$$\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right) = \ln\left(\ln\left(x\right) \sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)$$$。

利用對數的性質改寫等式右邊：$$$\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right) = \ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)$$$。

將等式兩邊分別微分：$$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)$$$。

對等式左邊求導數。

函數 $$$\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$ 是兩個函數 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln\left(u\right)$$$ 與 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = H{\left(x \right)}$$$ 之複合 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$。

應用鏈式法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)}$$

自然對數的導數為 $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) = \frac{1}{u}$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right) = {\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{u}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)$$

返回原變數：

$$\frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}} = \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)}}$$

因此，$$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)\right) = \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)}{H{\left(x \right)}}$$$。

對等式右邊求導。

和/差的導數等於導數的和/差：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)\right)}$$

函數 $$$\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)$$$ 是兩個函數 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln\left(u\right)$$$ 與 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = \ln\left(x\right)$$$ 之複合 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$。

應用鏈式法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right) = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)$$

自然對數的導數為 $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) = \frac{1}{u}$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right) = {\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{u}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)$$

返回原變數：

$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right) + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}} = \frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right) + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{{\color{red}\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}}$$

函數 $$$\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)$$$ 是兩個函數 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln\left(u\right)$$$ 與 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = \sin{\left(9 x \right)}$$$ 之複合 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$。

應用鏈式法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)\right)} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

自然對數的導數為 $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) = \frac{1}{u}$$$：

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right) + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{u}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right) + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

返回原變數：

$$\frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

函數 $$$\sin{\left(9 x \right)}$$$ 是兩個函數 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \sin{\left(u \right)}$$$ 與 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = 9 x$$$ 之複合 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$。

應用鏈式法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$：

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\sin{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

正弦函數的導數為$$$\frac{d}{du} \left(\sin{\left(u \right)}\right) = \cos{\left(u \right)}$$$：

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\sin{\left(u \right)}\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(\cos{\left(u \right)}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

返回原變數：

$$\frac{\cos{\left({\color{red}\left(u\right)} \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{\cos{\left({\color{red}\left(9 x\right)} \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

套用常數倍法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(c f{\left(x \right)}\right) = c \frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$，使用 $$$c = 9$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x$$$：

$$\frac{\cos{\left(9 x \right)} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(9 x\right)\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{\cos{\left(9 x \right)} {\color{red}\left(9 \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

自然對數的導數為 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) = \frac{1}{x}$$$：

$$\frac{9 \cos{\left(9 x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x\right)\right)\right)}}{\ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{9 \cos{\left(9 x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}}{\ln\left(x\right)}$$

套用冪次法則 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$，取 $$$n = 1$$$，也就是 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = 1$$$：

$$\frac{9 \cos{\left(9 x \right)} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{9 \cos{\left(9 x \right)} {\color{red}\left(1\right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)}$$

化簡：

$$\frac{9 \cos{\left(9 x \right)}}{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)} = \frac{9}{\tan{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)}$$

因此，$$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(\ln\left(x\right)\right) + \ln\left(\sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)\right) = \frac{9}{\tan{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)}$$$。

因此，$$$\frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right)}{H{\left(x \right)}} = \frac{9}{\tan{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)}$$$。

因此，$$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(H{\left(x \right)}\right) = \left(\frac{9}{\tan{\left(9 x \right)}} + \frac{1}{x \ln\left(x\right)}\right) H{\left(x \right)} = 9 \ln\left(x\right) \cos{\left(9 x \right)} + \frac{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}}{x}$$$。