$$$x$$$에 대한 $$$\frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)}$$$의 적분
사용자 입력
$$$\int \frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)}\, dx$$$을(를) 구하시오.
풀이
상수배 법칙 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$을 $$$c=c$$$와 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{x \left(c - x\right)}$$$에 적용하세요:
$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x}}} = {\color{red}{c \int{\frac{1}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x}}}$$
부분분수 분해 수행:
$$c {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x}}} = c {\color{red}{\int{\left(\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} + \frac{1}{c x}\right)d x}}}$$
각 항별로 적분하십시오:
$$c {\color{red}{\int{\left(\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} + \frac{1}{c x}\right)d x}}} = c {\color{red}{\left(\int{\frac{1}{c x} d x} + \int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x}\right)}}$$
상수배 법칙 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$을 $$$c=\frac{1}{c}$$$와 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{x}$$$에 적용하세요:
$$c \left(\int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x} + {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{c x} d x}}}\right) = c \left(\int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x} + {\color{red}{\frac{\int{\frac{1}{x} d x}}{c}}}\right)$$
$$$\frac{1}{x}$$$의 적분은 $$$\int{\frac{1}{x} d x} = \ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}$$$:
$$c \left(\int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{x} d x}}}}{c}\right) = c \left(\int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x} + \frac{{\color{red}{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}}}{c}\right)$$
상수배 법칙 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$을 $$$c=\frac{1}{c}$$$와 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{c - x}$$$에 적용하세요:
$$c \left({\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{c \left(c - x\right)} d x}}} + \frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c}\right) = c \left({\color{red}{\frac{\int{\frac{1}{c - x} d x}}{c}}} + \frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c}\right)$$
$$$u=c - x$$$라 하자.
그러면 $$$du=\left(c - x\right)^{\prime }dx = - dx$$$ (단계는 »에서 볼 수 있습니다), 그리고 $$$dx = - du$$$임을 얻습니다.
따라서,
$$c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{c - x} d x}}}}{c}\right) = c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{u}\right)d u}}}}{c}\right)$$
상수배 법칙 $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$을 $$$c=-1$$$와 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{u}$$$에 적용하세요:
$$c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{u}\right)d u}}}}{c}\right) = c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} + \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \int{\frac{1}{u} d u}\right)}}}{c}\right)$$
$$$\frac{1}{u}$$$의 적분은 $$$\int{\frac{1}{u} d u} = \ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}$$$:
$$c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u} d u}}}}{c}\right) = c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} - \frac{{\color{red}{\ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}}}}{c}\right)$$
다음 $$$u=c - x$$$을 기억하라:
$$c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} - \frac{\ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{u}}}\right| \right)}}{c}\right) = c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} - \frac{\ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{\left(c - x\right)}}}\right| \right)}}{c}\right)$$
따라서,
$$\int{\frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x} = c \left(\frac{\ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)}}{c} - \frac{\ln{\left(\left|{c - x}\right| \right)}}{c}\right)$$
간단히 하시오:
$$\int{\frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x} = \ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)} - \ln{\left(\left|{c - x}\right| \right)}$$
적분 상수를 추가하세요:
$$\int{\frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)} d x} = \ln{\left(\left|{x}\right| \right)} - \ln{\left(\left|{c - x}\right| \right)}+C$$
정답
$$$\int \frac{c}{x \left(c - x\right)}\, dx = \left(\ln\left(\left|{x}\right|\right) - \ln\left(\left|{c - x}\right|\right)\right) + C$$$A