$$$\ln\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)$$$의 도함수

$$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)$$$을(를) 구하시오.

함수 $$$\ln\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)$$$는 두 함수 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln\left(u\right)$$$와 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}$$$의 합성함수 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$이다.

연쇄법칙 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$을(를) 적용하십시오:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)}$$

자연로그 함수의 도함수는 $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right) = \frac{1}{u}$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\ln\left(u\right)\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right) = {\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{u}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)$$

역치환:

$$\frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}} = \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)}{{\color{red}\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)}}$$

합/차의 도함수는 도함수들의 합/차이다:

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

멱법칙 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$을 $$$n = 1$$$에 대해 적용하면, 즉 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = 1$$$:

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(1\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

함수 $$$\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}$$$는 두 함수 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \sqrt{u}$$$와 $$$g{\left(x \right)} = x^{2} + 1$$$의 합성함수 $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$이다.

연쇄법칙 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$을(를) 적용하십시오:

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right)} + 1}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\sqrt{u}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)\right)} + 1}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

거듭제곱법칙 $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(u^{n}\right) = n u^{n - 1}$$$을 $$$n = \frac{1}{2}$$$에 적용합니다:

$$\frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(\sqrt{u}\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right) + 1}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{1}{2 \sqrt{u}}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right) + 1}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

역치환:

$$\frac{1 + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}{2 \sqrt{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{1 + \frac{\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}{2 \sqrt{{\color{red}\left(x^{2} + 1\right)}}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

합/차의 도함수는 도함수들의 합/차이다:

$$\frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)\right)}}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(1\right)\right)}}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

상수의 도함수는 $$$0$$$입니다:

$$\frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(1\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(0\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

거듭제곱법칙 $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$을 $$$n = 2$$$에 적용합니다:

$$\frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)\right)}}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{1 + \frac{{\color{red}\left(2 x\right)}}{2 \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

간단히 하시오:

$$\frac{\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} + 1}{x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$

따라서, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\ln\left(x + \sqrt{x^{2} + 1}\right)\right) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}$$$.