Integral dari $$$\frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}}$$$

Temukan $$$\int \frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}}\, dx$$$.

Terapkan aturan pengali konstanta $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ dengan $$$c=2$$$ dan $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(2 \int{\frac{1}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}} d x}\right)}}$$

Misalkan $$$u=\frac{1}{x}$$$.

Kemudian $$$du=\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)^{\prime }dx = - \frac{1}{x^{2}} dx$$$ (langkah-langkah dapat dilihat di »), dan kita memperoleh $$$\frac{dx}{x^{2}} = - du$$$.

Jadi,

$$2 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}} d x}}} = 2 {\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u^{2}}}\right)d u}}}$$

Terapkan aturan pengali konstanta $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ dengan $$$c=-1$$$ dan $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u^{2}}}$$$:

$$2 {\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u^{2}}}\right)d u}}} = 2 {\color{red}{\left(- \int{\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u^{2}}} d u}\right)}}$$

Misalkan $$$u=\frac{\sin{\left(v \right)}}{2}$$$.

Maka $$$du=\left(\frac{\sin{\left(v \right)}}{2}\right)^{\prime }dv = \frac{\cos{\left(v \right)}}{2} dv$$$ (langkah-langkah dapat dilihat »).

Selain itu, berlaku $$$v=\operatorname{asin}{\left(2 u \right)}$$$.

Dengan demikian,

$$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u ^{2}}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin^{2}{\left( v \right)}}}$$$

Gunakan identitas $$$1 - \sin^{2}{\left( v \right)} = \cos^{2}{\left( v \right)}$$$:

$$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin^{2}{\left( v \right)}}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\cos^{2}{\left( v \right)}}}$$$

Dengan asumsi bahwa $$$\cos{\left( v \right)} \ge 0$$$, diperoleh sebagai berikut:

$$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{\cos^{2}{\left( v \right)}}} = \frac{1}{\cos{\left( v \right)}}$$$

Integral menjadi

$$- 2 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - 4 u^{2}}} d u}}} = - 2 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{2} d v}}}$$

Terapkan aturan konstanta $$$\int c\, dv = c v$$$ dengan $$$c=\frac{1}{2}$$$:

$$- 2 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{2} d v}}} = - 2 {\color{red}{\left(\frac{v}{2}\right)}}$$

Ingat bahwa $$$v=\operatorname{asin}{\left(2 u \right)}$$$:

$$- {\color{red}{v}} = - {\color{red}{\operatorname{asin}{\left(2 u \right)}}}$$

Ingat bahwa $$$u=\frac{1}{x}$$$:

$$- \operatorname{asin}{\left(2 {\color{red}{u}} \right)} = - \operatorname{asin}{\left(2 {\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} \right)}$$

Oleh karena itu,

$$\int{\frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}} d x} = - \operatorname{asin}{\left(\frac{2}{x} \right)}$$

Tambahkan konstanta integrasi:

$$\int{\frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}} d x} = - \operatorname{asin}{\left(\frac{2}{x} \right)}+C$$

$$$\int \frac{2}{x \sqrt{x^{2} - 4}}\, dx = - \operatorname{asin}{\left(\frac{2}{x} \right)} + C$$$A