$$$\frac{\ln^{2}\left(x\right)}{x^{2}}$$$ 的积分
您的输入
求$$$\int \frac{\ln^{2}\left(x\right)}{x^{2}}\, dx$$$。
解答
设$$$u=\frac{1}{x}$$$。
则$$$du=\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)^{\prime }dx = - \frac{1}{x^{2}} dx$$$ (步骤见»),并有$$$\frac{dx}{x^{2}} = - du$$$。
积分变为
$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{\ln{\left(x \right)}^{2}}{x^{2}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\left(- \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2}\right)d u}}}$$
对 $$$c=-1$$$ 和 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2}$$$ 应用常数倍法则 $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$:
$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2}\right)d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- \int{\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} d u}\right)}}$$
对于积分$$$\int{\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} d u}$$$,使用分部积分法$$$\int \operatorname{m} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{m}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{dm}$$$。
设 $$$\operatorname{m}=\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2}$$$ 和 $$$\operatorname{dv}=du$$$。
则 $$$\operatorname{dm}=\left(\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2}\right)^{\prime }du=\frac{2 \ln{\left(u \right)}}{u} du$$$ (步骤见 »),并且 $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{1 d u}=u$$$ (步骤见 »)。
所以,
$$- {\color{red}{\int{\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} d u}}}=- {\color{red}{\left(\ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} \cdot u-\int{u \cdot \frac{2 \ln{\left(u \right)}}{u} d u}\right)}}=- {\color{red}{\left(u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} - \int{2 \ln{\left(u \right)} d u}\right)}}$$
对 $$$c=2$$$ 和 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \ln{\left(u \right)}$$$ 应用常数倍法则 $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$:
$$- u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + {\color{red}{\int{2 \ln{\left(u \right)} d u}}} = - u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + {\color{red}{\left(2 \int{\ln{\left(u \right)} d u}\right)}}$$
对于积分$$$\int{\ln{\left(u \right)} d u}$$$,使用分部积分法$$$\int \operatorname{m} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{m}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{dm}$$$。
设 $$$\operatorname{m}=\ln{\left(u \right)}$$$ 和 $$$\operatorname{dv}=du$$$。
则 $$$\operatorname{dm}=\left(\ln{\left(u \right)}\right)^{\prime }du=\frac{du}{u}$$$ (步骤见 »),并且 $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{1 d u}=u$$$ (步骤见 »)。
因此,
$$- u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + 2 {\color{red}{\int{\ln{\left(u \right)} d u}}}=- u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + 2 {\color{red}{\left(\ln{\left(u \right)} \cdot u-\int{u \cdot \frac{1}{u} d u}\right)}}=- u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + 2 {\color{red}{\left(u \ln{\left(u \right)} - \int{1 d u}\right)}}$$
应用常数法则 $$$\int c\, du = c u$$$,使用 $$$c=1$$$:
$$- u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + 2 u \ln{\left(u \right)} - 2 {\color{red}{\int{1 d u}}} = - u \ln{\left(u \right)}^{2} + 2 u \ln{\left(u \right)} - 2 {\color{red}{u}}$$
回忆一下 $$$u=\frac{1}{x}$$$:
$$- 2 {\color{red}{u}} + 2 {\color{red}{u}} \ln{\left({\color{red}{u}} \right)} - {\color{red}{u}} \ln{\left({\color{red}{u}} \right)}^{2} = - 2 {\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} + 2 {\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} \ln{\left({\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} \right)} - {\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} \ln{\left({\color{red}{\frac{1}{x}}} \right)}^{2}$$
因此,
$$\int{\frac{\ln{\left(x \right)}^{2}}{x^{2}} d x} = - \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{x} \right)}^{2}}{x} + \frac{2 \ln{\left(\frac{1}{x} \right)}}{x} - \frac{2}{x}$$
化简:
$$\int{\frac{\ln{\left(x \right)}^{2}}{x^{2}} d x} = \frac{- \ln{\left(x \right)}^{2} - 2 \ln{\left(x \right)} - 2}{x}$$
加上积分常数:
$$\int{\frac{\ln{\left(x \right)}^{2}}{x^{2}} d x} = \frac{- \ln{\left(x \right)}^{2} - 2 \ln{\left(x \right)} - 2}{x}+C$$
答案
$$$\int \frac{\ln^{2}\left(x\right)}{x^{2}}\, dx = \frac{- \ln^{2}\left(x\right) - 2 \ln\left(x\right) - 2}{x} + C$$$A