Integral de $$$e^{- \frac{x}{2}}$$$

Encontre $$$\int e^{- \frac{x}{2}}\, dx$$$.

Seja $$$u=- \frac{x}{2}$$$.

Então $$$du=\left(- \frac{x}{2}\right)^{\prime }dx = - \frac{dx}{2}$$$ (veja os passos »), e obtemos $$$dx = - 2 du$$$.

A integral torna-se

$${\color{red}{\int{e^{- \frac{x}{2}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\left(- 2 e^{u}\right)d u}}}$$

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ usando $$$c=-2$$$ e $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- 2 e^{u}\right)d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- 2 \int{e^{u} d u}\right)}}$$

A integral da função exponencial é $$$\int{e^{u} d u} = e^{u}$$$:

$$- 2 {\color{red}{\int{e^{u} d u}}} = - 2 {\color{red}{e^{u}}}$$

Recorde que $$$u=- \frac{x}{2}$$$:

$$- 2 e^{{\color{red}{u}}} = - 2 e^{{\color{red}{\left(- \frac{x}{2}\right)}}}$$

Portanto,

$$\int{e^{- \frac{x}{2}} d x} = - 2 e^{- \frac{x}{2}}$$

Adicione a constante de integração:

$$\int{e^{- \frac{x}{2}} d x} = - 2 e^{- \frac{x}{2}}+C$$

$$$\int e^{- \frac{x}{2}}\, dx = - 2 e^{- \frac{x}{2}} + C$$$A