Integral de $$$\frac{12}{3 x - 2}$$$

Encontre $$$\int \frac{12}{3 x - 2}\, dx$$$.

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ usando $$$c=12$$$ e $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{3 x - 2}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{12}{3 x - 2} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(12 \int{\frac{1}{3 x - 2} d x}\right)}}$$

Seja $$$u=3 x - 2$$$.

Então $$$du=\left(3 x - 2\right)^{\prime }dx = 3 dx$$$ (veja os passos »), e obtemos $$$dx = \frac{du}{3}$$$.

A integral torna-se

$$12 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{3 x - 2} d x}}} = 12 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{3 u} d u}}}$$

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ usando $$$c=\frac{1}{3}$$$ e $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{u}$$$:

$$12 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{3 u} d u}}} = 12 {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{\frac{1}{u} d u}}{3}\right)}}$$

A integral de $$$\frac{1}{u}$$$ é $$$\int{\frac{1}{u} d u} = \ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}$$$:

$$4 {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u} d u}}} = 4 {\color{red}{\ln{\left(\left|{u}\right| \right)}}}$$

Recorde que $$$u=3 x - 2$$$:

$$4 \ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{u}}}\right| \right)} = 4 \ln{\left(\left|{{\color{red}{\left(3 x - 2\right)}}}\right| \right)}$$

Portanto,

$$\int{\frac{12}{3 x - 2} d x} = 4 \ln{\left(\left|{3 x - 2}\right| \right)}$$

Adicione a constante de integração:

$$\int{\frac{12}{3 x - 2} d x} = 4 \ln{\left(\left|{3 x - 2}\right| \right)}+C$$

$$$\int \frac{12}{3 x - 2}\, dx = 4 \ln\left(\left|{3 x - 2}\right|\right) + C$$$A