Integral de $$$x e^{3 x}$$$

Encontre $$$\int x e^{3 x}\, dx$$$.

Para a integral $$$\int{x e^{3 x} d x}$$$, use integração por partes $$$\int \operatorname{u} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{u}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{du}$$$.

Sejam $$$\operatorname{u}=x$$$ e $$$\operatorname{dv}=e^{3 x} dx$$$.

Então $$$\operatorname{du}=\left(x\right)^{\prime }dx=1 dx$$$ (os passos podem ser vistos ») e $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{e^{3 x} d x}=\frac{e^{3 x}}{3}$$$ (os passos podem ser vistos »).

Assim,

$${\color{red}{\int{x e^{3 x} d x}}}={\color{red}{\left(x \cdot \frac{e^{3 x}}{3}-\int{\frac{e^{3 x}}{3} \cdot 1 d x}\right)}}={\color{red}{\left(\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \int{\frac{e^{3 x}}{3} d x}\right)}}$$

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ usando $$$c=\frac{1}{3}$$$ e $$$f{\left(x \right)} = e^{3 x}$$$:

$$\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - {\color{red}{\int{\frac{e^{3 x}}{3} d x}}} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{e^{3 x} d x}}{3}\right)}}$$

Seja $$$u=3 x$$$.

Então $$$du=\left(3 x\right)^{\prime }dx = 3 dx$$$ (veja os passos »), e obtemos $$$dx = \frac{du}{3}$$$.

Logo,

$$\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{e^{3 x} d x}}}}{3} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{e^{u}}{3} d u}}}}{3}$$

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ usando $$$c=\frac{1}{3}$$$ e $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u}$$$:

$$\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{e^{u}}{3} d u}}}}{3} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{e^{u} d u}}{3}\right)}}}{3}$$

A integral da função exponencial é $$$\int{e^{u} d u} = e^{u}$$$:

$$\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{e^{u} d u}}}}{9} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{{\color{red}{e^{u}}}}{9}$$

Recorde que $$$u=3 x$$$:

$$\frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{e^{{\color{red}{u}}}}{9} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{e^{{\color{red}{\left(3 x\right)}}}}{9}$$

Portanto,

$$\int{x e^{3 x} d x} = \frac{x e^{3 x}}{3} - \frac{e^{3 x}}{9}$$

Simplifique:

$$\int{x e^{3 x} d x} = \frac{\left(3 x - 1\right) e^{3 x}}{9}$$

Adicione a constante de integração:

$$\int{x e^{3 x} d x} = \frac{\left(3 x - 1\right) e^{3 x}}{9}+C$$

$$$\int x e^{3 x}\, dx = \frac{\left(3 x - 1\right) e^{3 x}}{9} + C$$$A