Integral de $$$e^{3 \sqrt{x}}$$$

Encontre $$$\int e^{3 \sqrt{x}}\, dx$$$.

Seja $$$u=3 \sqrt{x}$$$.

Então $$$du=\left(3 \sqrt{x}\right)^{\prime }dx = \frac{3}{2 \sqrt{x}} dx$$$ (veja os passos »), e obtemos $$$\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x}} = \frac{2 du}{3}$$$.

Assim,

$${\color{red}{\int{e^{3 \sqrt{x}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\frac{2 u e^{u}}{9} d u}}}$$

Aplique a regra do múltiplo constante $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ usando $$$c=\frac{2}{9}$$$ e $$$f{\left(u \right)} = u e^{u}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{2 u e^{u}}{9} d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(\frac{2 \int{u e^{u} d u}}{9}\right)}}$$

Para a integral $$$\int{u e^{u} d u}$$$, use integração por partes $$$\int \operatorname{d} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{d}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{dd}$$$.

Sejam $$$\operatorname{d}=u$$$ e $$$\operatorname{dv}=e^{u} du$$$.

Então $$$\operatorname{dd}=\left(u\right)^{\prime }du=1 du$$$ (os passos podem ser vistos ») e $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{e^{u} d u}=e^{u}$$$ (os passos podem ser vistos »).

A integral pode ser reescrita como

$$\frac{2 {\color{red}{\int{u e^{u} d u}}}}{9}=\frac{2 {\color{red}{\left(u \cdot e^{u}-\int{e^{u} \cdot 1 d u}\right)}}}{9}=\frac{2 {\color{red}{\left(u e^{u} - \int{e^{u} d u}\right)}}}{9}$$

A integral da função exponencial é $$$\int{e^{u} d u} = e^{u}$$$:

$$\frac{2 u e^{u}}{9} - \frac{2 {\color{red}{\int{e^{u} d u}}}}{9} = \frac{2 u e^{u}}{9} - \frac{2 {\color{red}{e^{u}}}}{9}$$

Recorde que $$$u=3 \sqrt{x}$$$:

$$- \frac{2 e^{{\color{red}{u}}}}{9} + \frac{2 {\color{red}{u}} e^{{\color{red}{u}}}}{9} = - \frac{2 e^{{\color{red}{\left(3 \sqrt{x}\right)}}}}{9} + \frac{2 {\color{red}{\left(3 \sqrt{x}\right)}} e^{{\color{red}{\left(3 \sqrt{x}\right)}}}}{9}$$

Portanto,

$$\int{e^{3 \sqrt{x}} d x} = \frac{2 \sqrt{x} e^{3 \sqrt{x}}}{3} - \frac{2 e^{3 \sqrt{x}}}{9}$$

Simplifique:

$$\int{e^{3 \sqrt{x}} d x} = \frac{2 \left(3 \sqrt{x} - 1\right) e^{3 \sqrt{x}}}{9}$$

Adicione a constante de integração:

$$\int{e^{3 \sqrt{x}} d x} = \frac{2 \left(3 \sqrt{x} - 1\right) e^{3 \sqrt{x}}}{9}+C$$

$$$\int e^{3 \sqrt{x}}\, dx = \frac{2 \left(3 \sqrt{x} - 1\right) e^{3 \sqrt{x}}}{9} + C$$$A