Integraal van $$$2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}$$$

Bepaal $$$\int \left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)\, dx$$$.

Integreer termgewijs:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(\int{2 d x} - \int{e^{\frac{x}{2}} d x}\right)}}$$

Pas de constantenregel $$$\int c\, dx = c x$$$ toe met $$$c=2$$$:

$$- \int{e^{\frac{x}{2}} d x} + {\color{red}{\int{2 d x}}} = - \int{e^{\frac{x}{2}} d x} + {\color{red}{\left(2 x\right)}}$$

Zij $$$u=\frac{x}{2}$$$.

Dan $$$du=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^{\prime }dx = \frac{dx}{2}$$$ (de stappen zijn te zien »), en dan geldt dat $$$dx = 2 du$$$.

Dus,

$$2 x - {\color{red}{\int{e^{\frac{x}{2}} d x}}} = 2 x - {\color{red}{\int{2 e^{u} d u}}}$$

Pas de constante-veelvoudregel $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ toe met $$$c=2$$$ en $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u}$$$:

$$2 x - {\color{red}{\int{2 e^{u} d u}}} = 2 x - {\color{red}{\left(2 \int{e^{u} d u}\right)}}$$

De integraal van de exponentiële functie is $$$\int{e^{u} d u} = e^{u}$$$:

$$2 x - 2 {\color{red}{\int{e^{u} d u}}} = 2 x - 2 {\color{red}{e^{u}}}$$

We herinneren eraan dat $$$u=\frac{x}{2}$$$:

$$2 x - 2 e^{{\color{red}{u}}} = 2 x - 2 e^{{\color{red}{\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)}}}$$

Dus,

$$\int{\left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)d x} = 2 x - 2 e^{\frac{x}{2}}$$

Vereenvoudig:

$$\int{\left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)d x} = 2 \left(x - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)$$

Voeg de integratieconstante toe:

$$\int{\left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)d x} = 2 \left(x - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)+C$$

$$$\int \left(2 - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right)\, dx = 2 \left(x - e^{\frac{x}{2}}\right) + C$$$A