Derivada implícita de $$$x^{2} y^{2} = 2 x + e^{y}$$$ con respecto a $$$x$$$

Deriva por separado ambos lados de la ecuación (considera $$$y$$$ como función de $$$x$$$): $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} y^{2}{\left(x \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x + e^{y{\left(x \right)}}\right)$$$.

Deriva el miembro izquierdo de la ecuación.

Aplica la regla del producto $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)} g{\left(x \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)}\right) g{\left(x \right)} + f{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$ con $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x^{2}$$$ y $$$g{\left(x \right)} = y^{2}{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} y^{2}{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right) y^{2}{\left(x \right)} + x^{2} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y^{2}{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)}$$

La función $$$y^{2}{\left(x \right)}$$$ es la composición $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$ de dos funciones $$$f{\left(u \right)} = u^{2}$$$ y $$$g{\left(x \right)} = y{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Aplica la regla de la cadena $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$:

$$x^{2} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(y^{2}{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right) = x^{2} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(u^{2}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)$$

Aplica la regla de la potencia $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(u^{n}\right) = n u^{n - 1}$$$ con $$$n = 2$$$:

$$x^{2} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(u^{2}\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right) = x^{2} {\color{red}\left(2 u\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)$$

Volver a la variable original:

$$2 x^{2} {\color{red}\left(u\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right) = 2 x^{2} {\color{red}\left(y{\left(x \right)}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)$$

Aplica la regla de la potencia $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$ con $$$n = 2$$$:

$$2 x^{2} y{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2}\right)\right)} = 2 x^{2} y{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y^{2}{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(2 x\right)}$$

Simplificar:

$$2 x^{2} y{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + 2 x y^{2}{\left(x \right)} = 2 x \left(x \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y{\left(x \right)}\right) y{\left(x \right)}$$

Por lo tanto, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{2} y^{2}{\left(x \right)}\right) = 2 x \left(x \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + y{\left(x \right)}\right) y{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Deriva el miembro derecho de la ecuación.

La derivada de una suma/diferencia es la suma/diferencia de las derivadas:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x + e^{y{\left(x \right)}}\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(e^{y{\left(x \right)}}\right)\right)}$$

La función $$$e^{y{\left(x \right)}}$$$ es la composición $$$f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}$$$ de dos funciones $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u}$$$ y $$$g{\left(x \right)} = y{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Aplica la regla de la cadena $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(g{\left(x \right)} \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{du} \left(f{\left(u \right)}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(e^{y{\left(x \right)}}\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right) = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(e^{u}\right) \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right)$$

La derivada de la función exponencial es $$$\frac{d}{du} \left(e^{u}\right) = e^{u}$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{du} \left(e^{u}\right)\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right) = {\color{red}\left(e^{u}\right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right)$$

Volver a la variable original:

$$e^{{\color{red}\left(u\right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right) = e^{{\color{red}\left(y{\left(x \right)}\right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right)$$

Aplica la regla del factor constante $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(c f{\left(x \right)}\right) = c \frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$ con $$$c = 2$$$ y $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x$$$:

$$e^{y{\left(x \right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x\right)\right)} = e^{y{\left(x \right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + {\color{red}\left(2 \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)}$$

Aplica la regla de la potencia $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$ con $$$n = 1$$$, en otras palabras, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = 1$$$:

$$e^{y{\left(x \right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + 2 {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)} = e^{y{\left(x \right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + 2 {\color{red}\left(1\right)}$$

Por lo tanto, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(2 x + e^{y{\left(x \right)}}\right) = e^{y{\left(x \right)}} \frac{d}{dx} \left(y{\left(x \right)}\right) + 2$$$.

Por lo tanto, hemos obtenido la siguiente ecuación lineal con respecto a la derivada: $$$2 x y \left(x \frac{dy}{dx} + y\right) = e^{y} \frac{dy}{dx} + 2$$$.

Al resolverlo, obtenemos que $$$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{- 2 x y^{2} + 2}{2 x^{2} y - e^{y}}$$$.