$$$y \left(x^{2} \ln\left(x y\right) + 1\right)$$$ 對 $$$x$$$ 的積分
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您的輸入
求$$$\int y \left(x^{2} \ln\left(x y\right) + 1\right)\, dx$$$。
解答
套用常數倍法則 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$,使用 $$$c=y$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1$$$:
$${\color{red}{\int{y \left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right) d x}}} = {\color{red}{y \int{\left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right)d x}}}$$
逐項積分:
$$y {\color{red}{\int{\left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right)d x}}} = y {\color{red}{\left(\int{1 d x} + \int{x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} d x}\right)}}$$
配合 $$$c=1$$$,應用常數法則 $$$\int c\, dx = c x$$$:
$$y \left(\int{x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} d x} + {\color{red}{\int{1 d x}}}\right) = y \left(\int{x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} d x} + {\color{red}{x}}\right)$$
對於積分 $$$\int{x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} d x}$$$,使用分部積分法 $$$\int \operatorname{u} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{u}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{du}$$$。
令 $$$\operatorname{u}=\ln{\left(x y \right)}$$$ 與 $$$\operatorname{dv}=x^{2} dx$$$。
則 $$$\operatorname{du}=\left(\ln{\left(x y \right)}\right)^{\prime }dx=\frac{dx}{x}$$$(步驟見 »),且 $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{x^{2} d x}=\frac{x^{3}}{3}$$$(步驟見 »)。
該積分可改寫為
$$y \left(x + {\color{red}{\int{x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} d x}}}\right)=y \left(x + {\color{red}{\left(\ln{\left(x y \right)} \cdot \frac{x^{3}}{3}-\int{\frac{x^{3}}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{x} d x}\right)}}\right)=y \left(x + {\color{red}{\left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} - \int{\frac{x^{2}}{3} d x}\right)}}\right)$$
套用常數倍法則 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$,使用 $$$c=\frac{1}{3}$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x^{2}$$$:
$$y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} + x - {\color{red}{\int{\frac{x^{2}}{3} d x}}}\right) = y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} + x - {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{x^{2} d x}}{3}\right)}}\right)$$
套用冪次法則 $$$\int x^{n}\, dx = \frac{x^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$,以 $$$n=2$$$:
$$y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} + x - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{x^{2} d x}}}}{3}\right)=y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} + x - \frac{{\color{red}{\frac{x^{1 + 2}}{1 + 2}}}}{3}\right)=y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} + x - \frac{{\color{red}{\left(\frac{x^{3}}{3}\right)}}}{3}\right)$$
因此,
$$\int{y \left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right) d x} = y \left(\frac{x^{3} \ln{\left(x y \right)}}{3} - \frac{x^{3}}{9} + x\right)$$
化簡:
$$\int{y \left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right) d x} = \frac{x y \left(3 x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} - x^{2} + 9\right)}{9}$$
加上積分常數:
$$\int{y \left(x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} + 1\right) d x} = \frac{x y \left(3 x^{2} \ln{\left(x y \right)} - x^{2} + 9\right)}{9}+C$$
答案
$$$\int y \left(x^{2} \ln\left(x y\right) + 1\right)\, dx = \frac{x y \left(3 x^{2} \ln\left(x y\right) - x^{2} + 9\right)}{9} + C$$$A