$$$x^{3} - 3 x^{2}$$$ 的積分
您的輸入
求$$$\int \left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)\, dx$$$。
解答
逐項積分:
$${\color{red}{\int{\left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- \int{3 x^{2} d x} + \int{x^{3} d x}\right)}}$$
套用冪次法則 $$$\int x^{n}\, dx = \frac{x^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$,以 $$$n=3$$$:
$$- \int{3 x^{2} d x} + {\color{red}{\int{x^{3} d x}}}=- \int{3 x^{2} d x} + {\color{red}{\frac{x^{1 + 3}}{1 + 3}}}=- \int{3 x^{2} d x} + {\color{red}{\left(\frac{x^{4}}{4}\right)}}$$
套用常數倍法則 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$,使用 $$$c=3$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x^{2}$$$:
$$\frac{x^{4}}{4} - {\color{red}{\int{3 x^{2} d x}}} = \frac{x^{4}}{4} - {\color{red}{\left(3 \int{x^{2} d x}\right)}}$$
套用冪次法則 $$$\int x^{n}\, dx = \frac{x^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$,以 $$$n=2$$$:
$$\frac{x^{4}}{4} - 3 {\color{red}{\int{x^{2} d x}}}=\frac{x^{4}}{4} - 3 {\color{red}{\frac{x^{1 + 2}}{1 + 2}}}=\frac{x^{4}}{4} - 3 {\color{red}{\left(\frac{x^{3}}{3}\right)}}$$
因此,
$$\int{\left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)d x} = \frac{x^{4}}{4} - x^{3}$$
化簡:
$$\int{\left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)d x} = \frac{x^{3} \left(x - 4\right)}{4}$$
加上積分常數:
$$\int{\left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)d x} = \frac{x^{3} \left(x - 4\right)}{4}+C$$
答案
$$$\int \left(x^{3} - 3 x^{2}\right)\, dx = \frac{x^{3} \left(x - 4\right)}{4} + C$$$A