$$$e^{2 x^{2}}$$$ 的積分
您的輸入
求$$$\int e^{2 x^{2}}\, dx$$$。
解答
令 $$$u=\sqrt{2} x$$$。
則 $$$du=\left(\sqrt{2} x\right)^{\prime }dx = \sqrt{2} dx$$$ (步驟見»),並可得 $$$dx = \frac{\sqrt{2} du}{2}$$$。
所以,
$${\color{red}{\int{e^{2 x^{2}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\frac{\sqrt{2} e^{u^{2}}}{2} d u}}}$$
套用常數倍法則 $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$,使用 $$$c=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u^{2}}$$$:
$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{\sqrt{2} e^{u^{2}}}{2} d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2} \int{e^{u^{2}} d u}}{2}\right)}}$$
此積分(虛誤差函數)不存在閉式表示:
$$\frac{\sqrt{2} {\color{red}{\int{e^{u^{2}} d u}}}}{2} = \frac{\sqrt{2} {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left(u \right)}}{2}\right)}}}{2}$$
回顧一下 $$$u=\sqrt{2} x$$$:
$$\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left({\color{red}{u}} \right)}}{4} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left({\color{red}{\sqrt{2} x}} \right)}}{4}$$
因此,
$$\int{e^{2 x^{2}} d x} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left(\sqrt{2} x \right)}}{4}$$
加上積分常數:
$$\int{e^{2 x^{2}} d x} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left(\sqrt{2} x \right)}}{4}+C$$
答案
$$$\int e^{2 x^{2}}\, dx = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\pi} \operatorname{erfi}{\left(\sqrt{2} x \right)}}{4} + C$$$A