$$$\frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}}$$$ 的積分

求$$$\int \frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}}\, dx$$$。

令 $$$u=4 x + 1$$$。

則 $$$du=\left(4 x + 1\right)^{\prime }dx = 4 dx$$$ (步驟見»)，並可得 $$$dx = \frac{du}{4}$$$。

所以，

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{4 u^{10}} d u}}}$$

套用常數倍法則 $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$，使用 $$$c=\frac{1}{4}$$$ 與 $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{u^{10}}$$$：

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{4 u^{10}} d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{\frac{1}{u^{10}} d u}}{4}\right)}}$$

套用冪次法則 $$$\int u^{n}\, du = \frac{u^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$，以 $$$n=-10$$$：

$$\frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u^{10}} d u}}}}{4}=\frac{{\color{red}{\int{u^{-10} d u}}}}{4}=\frac{{\color{red}{\frac{u^{-10 + 1}}{-10 + 1}}}}{4}=\frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \frac{u^{-9}}{9}\right)}}}{4}=\frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \frac{1}{9 u^{9}}\right)}}}{4}$$

回顧一下 $$$u=4 x + 1$$$：

$$- \frac{{\color{red}{u}}^{-9}}{36} = - \frac{{\color{red}{\left(4 x + 1\right)}}^{-9}}{36}$$

因此，

$$\int{\frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}} d x} = - \frac{1}{36 \left(4 x + 1\right)^{9}}$$

加上積分常數：

$$\int{\frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}} d x} = - \frac{1}{36 \left(4 x + 1\right)^{9}}+C$$

$$$\int \frac{1}{\left(4 x + 1\right)^{10}}\, dx = - \frac{1}{36 \left(4 x + 1\right)^{9}} + C$$$A