Integralen av $$$\sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)}$$$

Bestäm $$$\int \sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)}\, dx$$$.

Skriv om integranden med hjälp av formeln $$$\sin\left(\alpha \right)\cos\left(\beta \right)=\frac{1}{2} \sin\left(\alpha-\beta \right)+\frac{1}{2} \sin\left(\alpha+\beta \right)$$$ tillsammans med $$$\alpha=4 x$$$ och $$$\beta=5 x$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}}{2}\right)d x}}}$$

Tillämpa konstantfaktorregeln $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ med $$$c=\frac{1}{2}$$$ och $$$f{\left(x \right)} = - \sin{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(9 x \right)}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{\sin{\left(9 x \right)}}{2}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{\left(- \sin{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)d x}}{2}\right)}}$$

Integrera termvis:

$$\frac{{\color{red}{\int{\left(- \sin{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(9 x \right)}\right)d x}}}}{2} = \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \int{\sin{\left(x \right)} d x} + \int{\sin{\left(9 x \right)} d x}\right)}}}{2}$$

Integralen av sinus är $$$\int{\sin{\left(x \right)} d x} = - \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$$\frac{\int{\sin{\left(9 x \right)} d x}}{2} - \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(x \right)} d x}}}}{2} = \frac{\int{\sin{\left(9 x \right)} d x}}{2} - \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)}}}{2}$$

Låt $$$u=9 x$$$ vara.

Då $$$du=\left(9 x\right)^{\prime }dx = 9 dx$$$ (stegen kan ses »), och vi har att $$$dx = \frac{du}{9}$$$.

Integralen blir

$$\frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(9 x \right)} d x}}}}{2} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{\sin{\left(u \right)}}{9} d u}}}}{2}$$

Tillämpa konstantfaktorregeln $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ med $$$c=\frac{1}{9}$$$ och $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \sin{\left(u \right)}$$$:

$$\frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{\sin{\left(u \right)}}{9} d u}}}}{2} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\left(\frac{\int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u}}{9}\right)}}}{2}$$

Integralen av sinus är $$$\int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u} = - \cos{\left(u \right)}$$$:

$$\frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u}}}}{18} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} + \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \cos{\left(u \right)}\right)}}}{18}$$

Kom ihåg att $$$u=9 x$$$:

$$\frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left({\color{red}{u}} \right)}}{18} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left({\color{red}{\left(9 x\right)}} \right)}}{18}$$

Alltså,

$$\int{\sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)} d x} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left(9 x \right)}}{18}$$

Lägg till integrationskonstanten:

$$\int{\sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)} d x} = \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left(9 x \right)}}{18}+C$$

$$$\int \sin{\left(4 x \right)} \cos{\left(5 x \right)}\, dx = \left(\frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left(9 x \right)}}{18}\right) + C$$$A