$$$- \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$の積分

$$$\int \left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)\, dx$$$ を求めよ。

定数倍の法則 $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ を、$$$c=-1$$$ と $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$ に対して適用する:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- \int{\cos{\left(x \right)} d x}\right)}}$$

余弦の積分は$$$\int{\cos{\left(x \right)} d x} = \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$$- {\color{red}{\int{\cos{\left(x \right)} d x}}} = - {\color{red}{\sin{\left(x \right)}}}$$

したがって、

$$\int{\left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)d x} = - \sin{\left(x \right)}$$

積分定数を加える:

$$\int{\left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)d x} = - \sin{\left(x \right)}+C$$

$$$\int \left(- \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)\, dx = - \sin{\left(x \right)} + C$$$A