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  3. Laskurit: Differentiaali- ja integraalilaskenta I
  4. Differentiaali- ja integraalilaskin

Funktion $$$x \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$ toinen derivaatta

Laskin laskee funktion $$$x \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$ toisen derivaatan ja näyttää vaiheet.

Aiheeseen liittyvät laskurit: Derivointilaskin, Logaritmisen derivoinnin laskin

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Syötteesi

Määritä $$$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$.

Ratkaisu

Laske ensimmäinen derivaatta $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$

Sovella tulon derivointisääntöä $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)} g{\left(x \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)}\right) g{\left(x \right)} + f{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$ funktioille $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x$$$ ja $$$g{\left(x \right)} = \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) \sin{\left(x \right)} + x \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)}$$

Sinin derivaatta on $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$$x {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = x {\color{red}\left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)$$

Sovella potenssisääntöä $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$ käyttäen $$$n = 1$$$, toisin sanoen, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = 1$$$:

$$x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)} = x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(1\right)}$$

Näin ollen, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Seuraavaksi $$$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$

Summan/erotuksen derivaatta on derivaattojen summa/erotus:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} = {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)}\right) + \frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)}$$

Sinin derivaatta on $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$${\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)}\right) = {\color{red}\left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right)} + \frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)$$

Sovella tulon derivointisääntöä $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)} g{\left(x \right)}\right) = \frac{d}{dx} \left(f{\left(x \right)}\right) g{\left(x \right)} + f{\left(x \right)} \frac{d}{dx} \left(g{\left(x \right)}\right)$$$ funktioille $$$f{\left(x \right)} = x$$$ ja $$$g{\left(x \right)} = \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$$\cos{\left(x \right)} + {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} = \cos{\left(x \right)} + {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) \cos{\left(x \right)} + x \frac{d}{dx} \left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)}$$

Sovella potenssisääntöä $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x^{n}\right) = n x^{n - 1}$$$ käyttäen $$$n = 1$$$, toisin sanoen, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right) = 1$$$:

$$x \frac{d}{dx} \left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right) + \cos{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(x\right)\right)} + \cos{\left(x \right)} = x \frac{d}{dx} \left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right) + \cos{\left(x \right)} {\color{red}\left(1\right)} + \cos{\left(x \right)}$$

Kosinin derivaatta on $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right) = - \sin{\left(x \right)}$$$:

$$x {\color{red}\left(\frac{d}{dx} \left(\cos{\left(x \right)}\right)\right)} + 2 \cos{\left(x \right)} = x {\color{red}\left(- \sin{\left(x \right)}\right)} + 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}$$

Näin ollen, $$$\frac{d}{dx} \left(x \cos{\left(x \right)} + \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = - x \sin{\left(x \right)} + 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Siispä $$$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = - x \sin{\left(x \right)} + 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$.

Vastaus

$$$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}} \left(x \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) = - x \sin{\left(x \right)} + 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}$$$A


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