Integral de $$$- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}$$$

Halla $$$\int \left(- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}\right)\, dx$$$.

Aplica la regla del factor constante $$$\int c f{\left(x \right)}\, dx = c \int f{\left(x \right)}\, dx$$$ con $$$c=-3$$$ y $$$f{\left(x \right)} = \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}\right)d x}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- 3 \int{\sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)} d x}\right)}}$$

Sea $$$u=\frac{x}{3}$$$.

Entonces $$$du=\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^{\prime }dx = \frac{dx}{3}$$$ (los pasos pueden verse »), y obtenemos que $$$dx = 3 du$$$.

Entonces,

$$- 3 {\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)} d x}}} = - 3 {\color{red}{\int{3 \sin{\left(u \right)} d u}}}$$

Aplica la regla del factor constante $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ con $$$c=3$$$ y $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \sin{\left(u \right)}$$$:

$$- 3 {\color{red}{\int{3 \sin{\left(u \right)} d u}}} = - 3 {\color{red}{\left(3 \int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u}\right)}}$$

La integral del seno es $$$\int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u} = - \cos{\left(u \right)}$$$:

$$- 9 {\color{red}{\int{\sin{\left(u \right)} d u}}} = - 9 {\color{red}{\left(- \cos{\left(u \right)}\right)}}$$

Recordemos que $$$u=\frac{x}{3}$$$:

$$9 \cos{\left({\color{red}{u}} \right)} = 9 \cos{\left({\color{red}{\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)}} \right)}$$

Por lo tanto,

$$\int{\left(- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}\right)d x} = 9 \cos{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}$$

Añade la constante de integración:

$$\int{\left(- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}\right)d x} = 9 \cos{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}+C$$

$$$\int \left(- 3 \sin{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)}\right)\, dx = 9 \cos{\left(\frac{x}{3} \right)} + C$$$A