雅可比計算器

計算$$$\left\{x = r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}, y = r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right\}$$$的雅可比矩陣。

雅可比矩陣定義如下：$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial x}{\partial \eta} & \frac{\partial x}{\partial r}\\\frac{\partial y}{\partial \eta} & \frac{\partial y}{\partial r}\end{array}\right]$$$。

在本例中，$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial}{\partial \eta} \left(r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right)\\\frac{\partial}{\partial \eta} \left(r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right)\end{array}\right]$$$。

求導數（步驟見 導數計算器）：$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$

雅可比行列式是雅可比矩陣的行列式：$$$\left|\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right| = - r \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)}$$$（計算步驟請參見 行列式計算器）。

雅可比矩陣為 $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$A。

雅可比行列式為 $$$- r \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)}$$$A。