雅可比計算器
逐步計算雅可比矩陣
此計算器會求出該組函數的雅可比矩陣與(若可行)雅可比行列式,並顯示步驟。
您的輸入
計算$$$\left\{x = r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}, y = r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\right\}$$$的雅可比矩陣。
解答
雅可比矩陣定義如下:$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(r, \theta\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial x}{\partial r} & \frac{\partial x}{\partial \theta}\\\frac{\partial y}{\partial r} & \frac{\partial y}{\partial \theta}\end{array}\right]$$$。
在本例中,$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(r, \theta\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial \theta} \left(r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}\right)\\\frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial \theta} \left(r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\right)\end{array}\right]$$$。
求導數(步驟見 導數計算器):$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(r, \theta\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos{\left(\theta \right)} & - r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\\\sin{\left(\theta \right)} & r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$
雅可比行列式是雅可比矩陣的行列式:$$$\left|\begin{array}{cc}\cos{\left(\theta \right)} & - r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\\\sin{\left(\theta \right)} & r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}\end{array}\right| = r$$$(計算步驟請參見 行列式計算器)。
答案
雅可比矩陣為 $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos{\left(\theta \right)} & - r \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\\\sin{\left(\theta \right)} & r \cos{\left(\theta \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$A。
雅可比行列式為 $$$r$$$A。