雅可比矩阵计算器
逐步计算雅可比矩阵
该计算器将求出函数组的雅可比矩阵以及(若可能)雅可比行列式,并显示步骤。
您的输入
计算$$$\left\{x = r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}, y = r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right\}$$$的雅可比矩阵。
解答
雅可比矩阵定义如下:$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial x}{\partial \eta} & \frac{\partial x}{\partial r}\\\frac{\partial y}{\partial \eta} & \frac{\partial y}{\partial r}\end{array}\right]$$$。
在我们的情况下,$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\partial}{\partial \eta} \left(r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right)\\\frac{\partial}{\partial \eta} \left(r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right) & \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left(r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\right)\end{array}\right]$$$。
求导数(步骤详见导数计算器):$$$J{\left(x,y \right)}\left(\eta, r\right) = \left[\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$。
雅可比行列式是雅可比矩阵的行列式:$$$\left|\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right| = - r \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)}$$$(步骤见行列式计算器)。
答案
雅可比矩阵为 $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}- r \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\\r \cos{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)} \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)} & \sin{\left(\tanh{\left(\eta \right)} \right)}\end{array}\right]$$$A。
雅可比行列式为 $$$- r \operatorname{sech}^{2}{\left(\eta \right)}$$$A。