SVD dari $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]$$$

Temukan SVD dari $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]$$$.

Temukan transpos matriks: $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]^{T} = \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & 0\\- t & t\end{array}\right]$$$ (untuk langkah-langkahnya, lihat kalkulator transpos matriks).

Kalikan matriks dengan transposnya: $$$W = \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & 0\\- t & t\end{array}\right] = \left[\begin{array}{cc}2 t^{2} & - t^{2}\\- t^{2} & t^{2}\end{array}\right]$$$ (untuk langkah-langkahnya, lihat kalkulator perkalian matriks).

Sekarang, temukan nilai eigen dan vektor eigen dari $$$W$$$ (untuk langkah-langkahnya, lihat kalkulator nilai dan vektor eigen).

Nilai eigen: $$$\frac{t^{2} \left(3 - \sqrt{5}\right)}{2}$$$, vektor eigen: $$$\left[\begin{array}{c}\frac{-1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}\\1\end{array}\right]$$$.

Nilai eigen: $$$\frac{t^{2} \left(\sqrt{5} + 3\right)}{2}$$$, vektor eigen: $$$\left[\begin{array}{c}- \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}\\1\end{array}\right]$$$.

Temukan akar kuadrat dari nilai eigen tak nol ($$$\sigma_{i}$$$):

$$$\sigma_{1} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{3 - \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}{2}$$$

$$$\sigma_{2} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 3} \left|{t}\right|}{2}$$$

Matriks $$$\Sigma$$$ adalah matriks nol dengan $$$\sigma_{i}$$$ pada diagonalnya: $$$\Sigma = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{3 - \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}{2} & 0\\0 & \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 3} \left|{t}\right|}{2}\end{array}\right].$$$

Kolom-kolom matriks $$$U$$$ adalah vektor-vektor yang dinormalisasi (vektor satuan): $$$U = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{- \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}} & - \frac{\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\\\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}} & \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\end{array}\right]$$$ (untuk langkah-langkah mencari vektor satuan, lihat kalkulator vektor satuan).

Sekarang, $$$v_{i} = \frac{1}{\sigma_{i}}\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]^{T}\cdot u_{i}$$$:

$$$v_{1} = \frac{1}{\sigma_{1}}\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]^{T}\cdot u_{1} = \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{3 - \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}{2}}\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & 0\\- t & t\end{array}\right]\cdot \left[\begin{array}{c}\frac{- \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}}\\\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}}\end{array}\right] = \left[\begin{array}{c}\frac{t \left(-1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}\\\frac{t \left(3 - \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}\end{array}\right]$$$ (untuk langkah-langkah, lihat kalkulator perkalian skalar matriks dan kalkulator perkalian matriks).

$$$v_{2} = \frac{1}{\sigma_{2}}\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right]^{T}\cdot u_{2} = \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 3} \left|{t}\right|}{2}}\cdot \left[\begin{array}{cc}t & 0\\- t & t\end{array}\right]\cdot \left[\begin{array}{c}- \frac{\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\\\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\end{array}\right] = \left[\begin{array}{c}- \frac{t \left(1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\\\frac{t \left(\sqrt{5} + 3\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\end{array}\right]$$$ (untuk langkah-langkah, lihat kalkulator perkalian skalar matriks dan kalkulator perkalian matriks).

Oleh karena itu, $$$V = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{t \left(-1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|} & - \frac{t \left(1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\\\frac{t \left(3 - \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|} & \frac{t \left(\sqrt{5} + 3\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\end{array}\right].$$$

Matriks $$$U$$$, $$$\Sigma$$$, dan $$$V$$$ sedemikian rupa sehingga matriks awal $$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}t & - t\\0 & t\end{array}\right] = U \Sigma V^T$$$.

$$$U = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{- \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}} & - \frac{\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{10}}{2 \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\\\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5 - \sqrt{5}}} & \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 5}}\end{array}\right]\approx \left[\begin{array}{cc}0.525731112119134 & -0.85065080835204\\0.85065080835204 & 0.525731112119134\end{array}\right]$$$A

$$$\Sigma = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{3 - \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|}{2} & 0\\0 & \frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{5} + 3} \left|{t}\right|}{2}\end{array}\right]\approx \left[\begin{array}{cc}0.618033988749895 \left|{t}\right| & 0\\0 & 1.618033988749895 \left|{t}\right|\end{array}\right]$$$A

$$$V = \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{t \left(-1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|} & - \frac{t \left(1 + \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\\\frac{t \left(3 - \sqrt{5}\right)}{2 \sqrt{5 - 2 \sqrt{5}} \left|{t}\right|} & \frac{t \left(\sqrt{5} + 3\right)}{2 \sqrt{2 \sqrt{5} + 5} \left|{t}\right|}\end{array}\right]\approx \left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{0.85065080835204 t}{\left|{t}\right|} & - \frac{0.525731112119134 t}{\left|{t}\right|}\\\frac{0.525731112119134 t}{\left|{t}\right|} & \frac{0.85065080835204 t}{\left|{t}\right|}\end{array}\right]$$$A