Integral dari $$$\frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}}$$$

Temukan $$$\int \frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}}\, dx$$$.

Misalkan $$$u=1 - x^{4}$$$.

Kemudian $$$du=\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{\prime }dx = - 4 x^{3} dx$$$ (langkah-langkah dapat dilihat di »), dan kita memperoleh $$$x^{3} dx = - \frac{du}{4}$$$.

Integralnya menjadi

$${\color{red}{\int{\frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}} d x}}} = {\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{4 u^{2}}\right)d u}}}$$

Terapkan aturan pengali konstanta $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ dengan $$$c=- \frac{1}{4}$$$ dan $$$f{\left(u \right)} = \frac{1}{u^{2}}$$$:

$${\color{red}{\int{\left(- \frac{1}{4 u^{2}}\right)d u}}} = {\color{red}{\left(- \frac{\int{\frac{1}{u^{2}} d u}}{4}\right)}}$$

Terapkan aturan pangkat $$$\int u^{n}\, du = \frac{u^{n + 1}}{n + 1}$$$ $$$\left(n \neq -1 \right)$$$ dengan $$$n=-2$$$:

$$- \frac{{\color{red}{\int{\frac{1}{u^{2}} d u}}}}{4}=- \frac{{\color{red}{\int{u^{-2} d u}}}}{4}=- \frac{{\color{red}{\frac{u^{-2 + 1}}{-2 + 1}}}}{4}=- \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- u^{-1}\right)}}}{4}=- \frac{{\color{red}{\left(- \frac{1}{u}\right)}}}{4}$$

Ingat bahwa $$$u=1 - x^{4}$$$:

$$\frac{{\color{red}{u}}^{-1}}{4} = \frac{{\color{red}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)}}^{-1}}{4}$$

Oleh karena itu,

$$\int{\frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}} d x} = \frac{1}{4 \left(1 - x^{4}\right)}$$

Sederhanakan:

$$\int{\frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}} d x} = - \frac{1}{4 x^{4} - 4}$$

Tambahkan konstanta integrasi:

$$\int{\frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}} d x} = - \frac{1}{4 x^{4} - 4}+C$$

$$$\int \frac{x^{3}}{\left(1 - x^{4}\right)^{2}}\, dx = - \frac{1}{4 x^{4} - 4} + C$$$A