# Roots of Complex Number Calculator

The calculator will find the $n$-th roots of the given complex number using de Moivre's formula, with steps shown.

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Find $\sqrt[4]{81 i}$.

## Solution

The polar form of $81 i$ is $81 \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \right)}\right)$ (for steps, see polar form calculator).

According to the De Moivre's Formula, all $n$-th roots of a complex number $r \left(\cos{\left(\theta \right)} + i \sin{\left(\theta \right)}\right)$ are given by $r^{\frac{1}{n}} \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\theta + 2 \pi k}{n} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\theta + 2 \pi k}{n} \right)}\right)$, $k=\overline{0..n-1}$.

We have that $r = 81$, $\theta = \frac{\pi}{2}$, and $n = 4$.

• $k = 0$: $\sqrt[4]{81} \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 0}{4} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 0}{4} \right)}\right) = 3 \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{8} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{8} \right)}\right) = 3 \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}} + 3 i \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}}$
• $k = 1$: $\sqrt[4]{81} \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 1}{4} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 1}{4} \right)}\right) = 3 \left(\cos{\left(\frac{5 \pi}{8} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{5 \pi}{8} \right)}\right) = - 3 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}} + 3 i \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}$
• $k = 2$: $\sqrt[4]{81} \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 2}{4} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 2}{4} \right)}\right) = 3 \left(\cos{\left(\frac{9 \pi}{8} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{9 \pi}{8} \right)}\right) = - 3 \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}} - 3 i \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}}$
• $k = 3$: $\sqrt[4]{81} \left(\cos{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 3}{4} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} + 2\cdot \pi\cdot 3}{4} \right)}\right) = 3 \left(\cos{\left(\frac{13 \pi}{8} \right)} + i \sin{\left(\frac{13 \pi}{8} \right)}\right) = 3 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}} - 3 i \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}$

$\sqrt[4]{81 i} = 3 \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}} + 3 i \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}}\approx 2.77163859753386 + 1.148050297095269 i$A
$\sqrt[4]{81 i} = - 3 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}} + 3 i \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}\approx -1.148050297095269 + 2.77163859753386 i$A
$\sqrt[4]{81 i} = - 3 \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}} - 3 i \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}}\approx -2.77163859753386 - 1.148050297095269 i$A
$\sqrt[4]{81 i} = 3 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}} - 3 i \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}\approx 1.148050297095269 - 2.77163859753386 i$A