Integral of $$$t e^{- t}$$$

Find $$$\int t e^{- t}\, dt$$$.

For the integral $$$\int{t e^{- t} d t}$$$, use integration by parts $$$\int \operatorname{u} \operatorname{dv} = \operatorname{u}\operatorname{v} - \int \operatorname{v} \operatorname{du}$$$.

Let $$$\operatorname{u}=t$$$ and $$$\operatorname{dv}=e^{- t} dt$$$.

Then $$$\operatorname{du}=\left(t\right)^{\prime }dt=1 dt$$$ (steps can be seen ») and $$$\operatorname{v}=\int{e^{- t} d t}=- e^{- t}$$$ (steps can be seen »).

Therefore,

$${\color{red}{\int{t e^{- t} d t}}}={\color{red}{\left(t \cdot \left(- e^{- t}\right)-\int{\left(- e^{- t}\right) \cdot 1 d t}\right)}}={\color{red}{\left(- t e^{- t} - \int{\left(- e^{- t}\right)d t}\right)}}$$

Apply the constant multiple rule $$$\int c f{\left(t \right)}\, dt = c \int f{\left(t \right)}\, dt$$$ with $$$c=-1$$$ and $$$f{\left(t \right)} = e^{- t}$$$:

$$- t e^{- t} - {\color{red}{\int{\left(- e^{- t}\right)d t}}} = - t e^{- t} - {\color{red}{\left(- \int{e^{- t} d t}\right)}}$$

Let $$$u=- t$$$.

Then $$$du=\left(- t\right)^{\prime }dt = - dt$$$ (steps can be seen »), and we have that $$$dt = - du$$$.

The integral becomes

$$- t e^{- t} + {\color{red}{\int{e^{- t} d t}}} = - t e^{- t} + {\color{red}{\int{\left(- e^{u}\right)d u}}}$$

Apply the constant multiple rule $$$\int c f{\left(u \right)}\, du = c \int f{\left(u \right)}\, du$$$ with $$$c=-1$$$ and $$$f{\left(u \right)} = e^{u}$$$:

$$- t e^{- t} + {\color{red}{\int{\left(- e^{u}\right)d u}}} = - t e^{- t} + {\color{red}{\left(- \int{e^{u} d u}\right)}}$$

The integral of the exponential function is $$$\int{e^{u} d u} = e^{u}$$$:

$$- t e^{- t} - {\color{red}{\int{e^{u} d u}}} = - t e^{- t} - {\color{red}{e^{u}}}$$

Recall that $$$u=- t$$$:

$$- t e^{- t} - e^{{\color{red}{u}}} = - t e^{- t} - e^{{\color{red}{\left(- t\right)}}}$$

Therefore,

$$\int{t e^{- t} d t} = - t e^{- t} - e^{- t}$$

Simplify:

$$\int{t e^{- t} d t} = \left(- t - 1\right) e^{- t}$$

Add the constant of integration:

$$\int{t e^{- t} d t} = \left(- t - 1\right) e^{- t}+C$$

$$$\int t e^{- t}\, dt = \left(- t - 1\right) e^{- t} + C$$$A