Kalkulator Metode Simpleks

Selesaikan masalah optimasi menggunakan metode simpleks

Kalkulator akan menyelesaikan masalah optimisasi yang diberikan menggunakan algoritma simpleks. Jika diperlukan, kalkulator akan menambahkan variabel slack, surplus, dan artifisial. Jika terdapat variabel artifisial, metode Big M atau metode dua fase digunakan untuk menentukan solusi awal. Langkah-langkah tersedia.

Dipisahkan dengan koma.

Jika kalkulator tidak menghitung sesuatu atau Anda menemukan kesalahan, atau Anda memiliki saran/masukan, silakan hubungi kami.

Masukan Anda

Maksimalkan $$$Z = 3 x_{1} + 4 x_{2}$$$, dengan kendala $$$\begin{cases} x_{1} + 2 x_{2} \leq 8 \\ x_{1} + x_{2} \leq 6 \\ x_{2} \geq 0 \\ x_{1} \geq 0 \end{cases}$$$.

Solusi

Masalah dalam bentuk kanonik dapat ditulis sebagai berikut:

$$Z = 3 x_{1} + 4 x_{2} \to max$$$$\begin{cases} x_{1} + 2 x_{2} \leq 8 \\ x_{1} + x_{2} \leq 6 \\ x_{1}, x_{2} \geq 0 \end{cases}$$

Tambahkan variabel (slack atau surplus) untuk mengubah semua pertidaksamaan menjadi persamaan:

$$Z = 3 x_{1} + 4 x_{2} \to max$$$$\begin{cases} x_{1} + 2 x_{2} + S_{1} = 8 \\ x_{1} + x_{2} + S_{2} = 6 \\ x_{1}, x_{2}, S_{1}, S_{2} \geq 0 \end{cases}$$

Tuliskan tabel simpleks:

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$-3$$$$$$-4$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$
$$$S_{1}$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$8$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$6$$$

Variabel masuk adalah $$$x_{2}$$$, karena memiliki koefisien $$$-4$$$ yang paling negatif pada baris Z.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$SolusiRatio
$$$Z$$$$$$-3$$$$$$-4$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$
$$$S_{1}$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$8$$$$$$\frac{8}{2} = 4$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$6$$$$$$\frac{6}{1} = 6$$$

Variabel yang keluar adalah $$$S_{1}$$$, karena memiliki rasio terkecil.

Bagi baris $$$1$$$ dengan $$$2$$$: $$$R_{1} = \frac{R_{1}}{2}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$-3$$$$$$-4$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$6$$$

Tambahkan $$$4$$$ kali baris $$$2$$$ ke baris $$$1$$$: $$$R_{1} = R_{1} + 4 R_{2}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$-1$$$$$$0$$$$$$2$$$$$$0$$$$$$16$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$6$$$

Kurangi baris $$$2$$$ dari baris $$$3$$$: $$$R_{3} = R_{3} - R_{2}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$-1$$$$$$0$$$$$$2$$$$$$0$$$$$$16$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$- \frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$

Variabel masuk adalah $$$x_{1}$$$, karena memiliki koefisien $$$-1$$$ yang paling negatif pada baris Z.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$SolusiRatio
$$$Z$$$$$$-1$$$$$$0$$$$$$2$$$$$$0$$$$$$16$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$$$$\frac{4}{\frac{1}{2}} = 8$$$
$$$S_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$- \frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$$$$\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2}} = 4$$$

Variabel yang keluar adalah $$$S_{2}$$$, karena memiliki rasio terkecil.

Kalikan baris $$$2$$$ dengan $$$2$$$: $$$R_{2} = 2 R_{2}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$-1$$$$$$0$$$$$$2$$$$$$0$$$$$$16$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$
$$$x_{1}$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$-1$$$$$$2$$$$$$4$$$

Tambahkan baris $$$3$$$ ke baris $$$1$$$: $$$R_{1} = R_{1} + R_{3}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$$$$20$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$1$$$$$$\frac{1}{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$4$$$
$$$x_{1}$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$-1$$$$$$2$$$$$$4$$$

Kurangkan baris $$$3$$$ yang dikalikan dengan $$$\frac{1}{2}$$$ dari baris $$$2$$$: $$$R_{2} = R_{2} - \frac{R_{3}}{2}$$$.

Basic$$$x_{1}$$$$$$x_{2}$$$$$$S_{1}$$$$$$S_{2}$$$Solusi
$$$Z$$$$$$0$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$2$$$$$$20$$$
$$$x_{2}$$$$$$0$$$$$$1$$$$$$1$$$$$$-1$$$$$$2$$$
$$$x_{1}$$$$$$1$$$$$$0$$$$$$-1$$$$$$2$$$$$$4$$$

Tidak ada koefisien pada baris Z yang negatif.

Optimum telah tercapai.

Solusi berikut diperoleh: $$$\left(x_{1}, x_{2}, S_{1}, S_{2}\right) = \left(4, 2, 0, 0\right)$$$.

Jawaban

$$$Z = 20$$$A dicapai pada $$$\left(x_{1}, x_{2}\right) = \left(4, 2\right)$$$A.